Chromosomal Aberrations Induced in Root Tips of Allium cepa by Phaeogyroporus portentosus (Mushroom) extract
Keywords:
Phaeogyroporus portentosus, chromosomal aberrations, Allium cepa, mitotic indexAbstract
Scientific information regarding the cytotoxicity of mushrooms used as medicinal agents is
essential. PhaeogyroporuS portentosus (giant mushroom) , commonly used as an antioxidant, is being investigated for its cytotoxic and genotoxic potential.The freeze-dried aqueous extract was evaluated using the root dip treatment of Allium cepa meristematic cells assay. Chromosomal abnormalites induced in the Allium cepa roots were observed and mitotic index was determined upon exposure to three aqueous concentrations (6pg/ml, 12 pg/ml and 18 pg/ml ) of the mushroom extract and control. Results showed that the aqueous extract of the mushroom, P. portentosus, induced a concentration-dependent root growth inhibition and chromosomal aberrations behaviour in A. cepa (onion) cells. The aqueous extract of P. portentosus revealed significant effects on the cell division of A. cepa cells inducing chromosomal aberrations such as bridges, fragments and sticky chromosomes when compared with the control. A decrease in mitotic index was observed with an increase in concentration of mushroom extract. All observations including dose-dependent reduction in mitotic index (MI) in the extract were significantly different from that of the control. The ability of the aqueous extract of P. portentosus, to cause a decrease in the mitotic index of A. cepa cells shows that it should be used with caution. High concentrations should be discouraged and it may stand promising in the development ofanticancer drugs in the future
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