Fatty Acid Composition, Physicochemical and Antioxidant Characteristics of Indigenous Telfairia Occidentalis (Fluted Pumpkin) Seed Oil from Ogun State, Nigeria
https://doi.org/10.51412/psnnjp.2023.24
Keywords:
alpha-tocopherol, fatty acids, physicochemical parameters, phytonutrients, HPLC, T elfairia occidentalis seed oilAbstract
Background: Seed oils are a rich source of phytochemicals and can be another source of edible vegetable oil with commercial prospects. This study aimed to determine the physicochemical, and antioxidant properties in addition to the fatty acid composition of Telfairia occidentalis seed oil.
Methods: The physicochemical parameters, classes of screened phytochemicals, alpha-tocopherol concentration, and fatty acid composition of Telfairia occidentalis seed oil extracted from the seeds using the soaking method and Soxhlet extraction with n-hexane, were analysed. Alpha-tocopherol content and fatty acid analyses were determined by ICH-validated HPLC and GC-MS methods, respectively
Results: The oil had percentage yields of 17% and 27.3% for the soaking and Soxhlet methods. The refractive index was 1.469 ± 0.01, relative density (0.891 ± 0.01 g/mL), viscosity (55.60 ± 0.06 MPa. s), acid value (2.184 ± 0.02 mg KOH g-1), saponification value (179.52 ± 0.16 mgKOH/g), iodine value (7.14 ± 0.03 gI2/100g) and ester value (177.33 ± 0.11 mgKOH/g). Screened phytochemicals present included terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, and cardiac glycosides. There was no detectable concentration of alpha-tocopherol in the sample. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of unsaturated fatty acids that included eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, gamolenic acid, arachidonic acid, and dihommogammalinolenic acid, aside from others
Conclusion: Telfairia occidentalis seed oil can be another source of edible vegetable oil which will also enhance healthy nutrition with possible commercial prospects. Also, it is a rich source of phytochemicals that have been reported to have antioxidant, antimicrobial, and other nutraceutical activities.
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