Nutrient, antinutrient and antimicrobial properties of Telfairia Occidentalis pod and biochemical response in experimentally compromised rats' hematology and lipid profile
https://doi.org/10.51412/psnnjp.2023.26
Keywords:
Monosodium glutamate, Lipid lowering, Blood boosting, Dyslipidaemia, IntoxicationAbstract
Background: Recent study indicated the prospective use of the essentially unutilized pod of Telfairia Occidentalis (TOP), in dietary management of monosodium glutamate, MSG, related hepatotoxicity. This study aimed to determine some minerals, vitamins, antinutrients and antimicrobial properties of TOP flour ethanol extract (TOPE) and to evaluate its hematologic and lipid profile responses against MSG intoxication in rats
Methods: The in vitro determination of minerals, vitamins, anti-nutrients and antimicrobial properties of TOP by standard referenced protocols were carried out. Twenty adult male Wistar rats (120 - 175 g) randomly allotted to five groups of 4 rats each in groupsA, B, C, D and E respectively received normal saline (1 mL), via oral gavage and daily for 14 days. The evaluation of some hematologic (red blood cell, RBC, packed cell volume, PCV and hemoglobin, HB) and lipid (triacylglycerol, TAG, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-Chol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-Chol and total cholesterol, T-Chol) profile responses followed standard and referenced protocols.
Results: The results revealed that TOPE is composed of important bioactive minerals, vitamins and anti-nutrients mix with in vitro concentration-dependent antimicrobial activity. In vivo, TOPE compared favourably with the control and elicited a significant (P < 0.05) and dose-dependent mitigation of the associated dysfunctions caused by MSG intoxication in rats' hematologic and lipid profiles.
Conclusion: TOPE demonstrated dietary property and concentration-dependent antimicrobial activity. In vivo, TOPE improved hematologic and lipid profile functions in the rats and corrected apparent disruptions associated with MSG intoxication in rats via probable blood boosting and lipid lowering activities. The implications of these findings warrant follow up as they may be significant in relation to prospective application of TOPE as potential novel diet and drug for the resistance of microbial pathogens and the modulation of MSG-related disruptions in animal hematology and lipid metabolism
References
Hedayatnia M, Asadi Z, Zare-Feyzabadi R, Yaghooti-Khorasani M, Ghazizadeh H and Ghaffarian-Zirak R et al. (2020). Dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease risk among the MASHAD study population. Lipids in Health and Disease, 19(42): 1-11. hƩps://doi.org/10.1186/s12944- 020-01204-y
Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators (2022). Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis. Lancet, 399: 629-655. hƩps://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02724- 0
Anaelechi J, Onuegbu JM, Olisekodiaka TU, Ubuo K, Amah-John E, Okwara CI and Olubemi GA (2015). Effect of Telfairia occidentalis seeds on the serum lipid profile and alkerogenic indices of male albino wistar rats. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition,14(9): 5 5 7 - 5 6 2 . hƩps://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2015.557.562
Omimakinde AJ, Oguntimehin I, Omimakinde EA and Olaniran O (2018). Comparison of the proximate and selected phytochemicals composition of fluted pumpkin (Telfaria occidentalis) leaves and pods. International Biological and Biomedical J o u r n a l , I B B J , 4 ( 4 ) : 2 0 6 - 2 1 2 . https://ibbj.org/browse.php?a_id=196&sid=1&slc_la ng=en
Aworunse OS, Bello OA, Popoola JO and Obembe OO (2018). Pharmacotherapeutic properties of Telfairia occidentalis Hook F.: A systematic review. P h a r m a c o g n o s y R e v i e w, 1 2 : 2 3 8 - 2 4 9 . http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/phrev.phrev_12_18
Nyong BE (2021). Physico-chemical composition of Telfairia occidentalis (fluted pumpkin fruit) pulp. International Journal of Chemical and Biological S c i e n c e s , 3 ( 1 ) : 1 5 - 1 8 . https://www.chemicaljournal.org/archives/2021/vol3 issue1/PartA/3-1-13-742.pdf
Egbuonu ACC, Alaebo PO, Njoku CJ, Njoku GC, Ugwu P and Akasike CI (2022). Proximate composition and role of Telfairia occidentalis pod on monosodium glutamate-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats. Nigerian Agricultural Journal, 53(3): 80- 8 5 . https://www.ajol.info/index.php/naj/article/view/243 310
Hajihasani MM, Soheili V, Zirak MR, Sahebkar AH and Shakeri A (2020). Natural products as safeguards against monosodium glutamate-induced toxicity. Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, 2 3 : 4 1 6 - 4 3 0 . https://doi.org/10.22038%2FIJBMS.2020.43060.101 23
Angel G Emilio M and Josune O (2015). Indicators for the evaluation of diet quality. Nutricion Hospitalaria (Nutr Hosp.), 31(Supl. 3): 128-144. https://doi.org/10.3305/nh.2015.31.sup3.8761
Okigbo RN, Anuagasi CL and Andezenne A (2016). Antimicrobial activities of Telfairia occidentalis Hook F. and Zingiber officinale Rosc on some clinical isolates. Nigerian Journal of Mycology, 8 : 4 2 - 5 2 . http://njm.com.ng/articles/2016%20edition/Paper5% 2 0 - %20ANTIMICROBIAL%20%20ACTIVITIES%20 OF%20TELFAIRIA.pdf
National Research Council, NRC, USA (2011). Guide for the Care and Use of LaboratoryAnimals. 8th Edition, Committee for the Update of the Guide for the Care and Use of LaboratoryAnimals. Washington DC, USA: National Research Council, National Academies Press.Pp, 1-220.
Association of Official Analytical Chemists, A.O.A.C, (1990). Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of official Analytical Chemist. 15th Edition, Washington DC.
Pearson DA (1976). Chemical Analysis of food. 7th Edition. Churchill Livingstone: Edinburgh, London.
Onwubiko GN, Nwankwo NE, Egbuonu ACC, Soribe BA, Okeke ES and Eze CJ (2022). Amelioration of high levels of serum kidney function biomarkers by Vernonia amygdalina in monosodium glutamate induced rats. Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources, IJNPR, 13(2): 197-205. hƩps://doi.org/10.56042/ijnpr.v13i2.36235
Russel HS (1980). India-New England Before the May Flower: University Press of New England Handover. 16. Prokopet G and Unlenbruck KW (2002). Protectineeinenenkalsseantikowperahlichverbindung en dish. Ge. Heit, 23: 318.
Egbuonu ACC (2015). Comparative investigation of the antibacterial and antifungal potentials of the extracts of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) rind and seed. European Journal of Medicinal Plants, 9(4): 1-7. doi: 10.9734/EJMP/2015.
Nwankwo NE, Egbuonu ACC, Aliuba PO and Okeke ES (2019). Antifungal properties of ethanol extract of vernonia amygdalina stem and the effect on electrolyte status in normal and monosodium glutamate-intoxicated rats. Journal of Pharmaceutical Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 1(2): 15- 20.
Kigigha LT andAtuzie MN (2012).Assessment of traditional medicinal application of Alchornea cordifolia. African Journal of Biotechnology, 11(8): 2083-2086. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB09.1615
Egbuonu ACC and Amadi RP (2021). Ethanolic extract of ground Vernonia amygdalina stem exhibited potent antibacterial activity and improved hematological bio-functional parameters in normal and monosodium glutamate-intoxicated rats. Journal of Applied Science and Environmental Management, J A S E M , 2 5 ( 3 ) : 3 1 1 - 3 1 7 . hƩps://doi.org/10.4314/JASEM.V25I3.2
Ochei J and Kolhatkar A (2008). Medical Laboratory Science: Theory and Practice. Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co. Ltd., New York, USA. ISBN-13:978- 0074632239
Allain CC, Poon LS, Chan CSG, Richmond W and Fu PC (1974). Enzymatic determination of total serum cholesterol. Clinical Chemistry, 20: 470.
Albers JJ, Cheung MC and Hazzard WR (1978). High density lipoproteins in myocardial infarction s u r v i v o r s . M e t a b o l i s m , 2 7 : 4 7 9 . https://doi.org/10.1016/0026-0495(78)90102-6
Ponnampalam EN, Kiani A, Santhiravel S, Holman BWB, Lauridsen C and Dunshea FR (2022). The importance of dietary antioxidants on oxidative stress, meat and milk production, and their preservative aspects in farm animals: antioxidant action, animal health, and product quality-Invited R e v i e w . A n i m a l s , 1 2 ( 3 2 7 9 ) : 1 - 4 5 . https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12233279.
Alozie Y, Udo A and Orisa C (2017). Proximate, anti-nutrient and vitamin composition of full-fat and defatted seed flour of Telfairia occidentalis. Turkish Journal of Agriculture, Food Science and Technology, 5 ( 1 1 ) : 1 2 5 6 - 1 2 6 0 . https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v5i11.1256-1260.992
Pathaw N, Devi KS, Sapam R, Sanasam J, Monteshori S, Phurailatpam S, Devi HC, Chanu WT, Wangkhem B and Mangang NL (2022).Acomparative review on the anti-nutritional factors of herbal tea concoctions and their reduction strategies. Frontiers in Nutrition, 9: 988964. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.988964. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.988964
Nath H, Samtiya M and Dhewa T (2022). Beneficial attributes and adverse effects of major plant-based foods anti-nutrients on health: A review. H u m a n N u t r i t i o n a n d M e t a b o l i s m , 2 8 ( 2 0 2 2 ) 2 0 0 1 4 7 : 1 - 1 2 . hƩps://doi.org/10.1016/j.hnm.2022.200147.
. Upadhyay J, Tiwari N, Durgapal S, JantwalAand Kumar A. (2022). Phytic acid: as a natural antioxidant, in: Antioxidants Effects in Health, Elsevier, pp. 437-450. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978- 0-12-819096-8.00015-x.
Oboh G. (2006). Antioxidant properties of some commonly consumed & underutilized tropical legumes. European Food Research and T e c h n o l o g y , 2 2 4 ( 1 ) : 6 1 - 6 5 . hƩps://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-006-0289-x
EgbuonuACC and Nzewi DC (2016). Influence of blanching on some nutrient and anti-nutrient compositions of bitter yam (Dioscoreadumetorum). B r i t i s h J o u r n a l o f A p p l i e d S c i e n c e a n d T e c h n o l o g y , 1 6 ( 2 ) : 1 - 8 . d o i : 1 0 . 9 7 3 4 / B J A S T / 2 0 1 6 / 2 5 6 5 0 . https://doi.org/10.9734/BJAST/2016/25650
Egbuonu ACC, Nzewi DC and Egbuonu ONC. (2014). Effect of soaking prior to oven-drying on some nutrient and anti-nutrient properties of bitter yam (Dioscoreadumetorum). Journal of Nutrition and Food S c i e n c e , 4 : 2 8 0 . 1 - 4 . d o i : 1 0 . 4 1 7 2 / 2 1 5 5 - 9600.1000280. hƩps://doi.org/10.4172/2155- 9600.1000280
Deepika T, Reena A and Sourabh J (2020). Antimicrobial, antioxidant and phytochemical investigation of Thuja occidentalis (Arbor vitae) leave extract. GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1 2 ( 0 3 ) : 1 0 8 - 1 1 6 . https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2020.12.3.0292.
Ochokwu IJ, Taiwo MA and Bashir SY (2021). Haematological indices and carcass composition of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) fingerlings fed with fluted pumpkin leaf (Telfairia occidentalis) as feed additives. Nigerian Journal of B i o t e c h n o l o g y , 3 8 ( 1 ) : 8 3 - 9 0 . https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njb.v38i1.10.
Eze BC, Ezejindu DN, Ogbodo EC, Ezeugwunne IP, Amah AK, Agada UN, Onuora IJ, Obi-Ezeani CN, Egwuatu FO and Odumodu IO (2019). The effects of aqueous leaf extract of Telfaira occidentalis (fluted pumpkin) on some hematological parameters in adult female wistar rats. Journal of Preventive Medicine and H o l i s t i c H e a l t h , 5 ( 2 ) : 1 0 6 - 1 0 9 . http://doi.org/10.18231/j.jpmhh.2019.020.
Onyekwereh TO, Adejumo DO, Afolabi KD, N w o r g u F C H a n d O l u b i s i A O ( 2 0 1 9 ) . Haematological, serum biochemical and histological responses of cockerels to long term consumption of Telfairia occidentalis leaves extract. Journal of World P o u l t r y R e s e a r c h , 9 ( 1 ) : 0 7 - 1 4 . https://dx.doi.org/10.36380/jwpr.2019.1
Akachukwu D, Egbuonu ACC and Ibeh CE (2020). Antinutrient composition and effect of ethanol extract of Vernonia Amygdalina stem on serum lipid profile in monosodium glutamate-intoxicated rats. Journal of Indian Society of Toxicology, JIST,16(2): 9- 1 3 . d o i : 1 0 . 3 1 7 3 6 / 2 0 2 0 v 1 6 i 2 / 9 - 1 3 . http://dx.doi.org/10.31736/2020v16i2/9-13
Igbayilola YD, Saka WA, Aina OS, Mofolorunso AM and Ashiru MA (2021). Anti-hyperlipidemic and antioxidant potentials of aqueous leaf extract of Telfairia occidentalis (Hook. F.) in male spraguedawley rats. Nigerian Journal of Physiological Science, 36: 109-114.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 The Nigerian Journal of Pharmacy
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
