Alcohol-Induced Reproductive Toxicity in Male Rats: Protective Effects of Psidium guajava (Myrtacaea) Ethanol Leaf Extract
https://doi.org/10.51412/psnnjp.2023.25
Keywords:
Psidium guajava, chronic alcohol consumption, male factor infertility, male reproductive parametersAbstract
Background: Alcohol is a known male reproductive toxicant, while Psidum quajava is a potent male fertility enhancer with antioxidant properties. This study aimed at determining the possible ameliorative effect of the ethanolic leaf extract of P. guajava against alcohol-induced repro-toxicity in male rats.
Methods: The study was an in-vivo designed investigation wherein group 1 animals served as the negative control group and received 2 mL of distilled water following ethanol administration.Animals in groups 2, 3, and 4 received 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of ethanol leaf extract (ELE) of P. guajava respectively. Group 5 animals served as the positive control and were administered 50 mg/kg Vitamin C. All administrations were par oral and lasted for 21 days. Animals were sacrificed after an overnight fast and blood collected from animals was analyzed for serum concentration of testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). Equally, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) antioxidant enzyme as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) serum levels were determined. Sperm analysis and histological evaluation were performed on the semen and testes respectively. GC-MS analysis of the extract was carried out to identify compounds present in it.
Results There was a dose dependent and significant (p<0.001) increase in serum levels of testosterone and FSH in 100 mg/kg treated rats. Serum levels of SOD and GPx were significantly (p<0.0001) increased while a decrease in levels of MDA was observed in the 200 mg/kg extract treated group. A dose independent increase in normal sperm forms and progressive motility respectively were recorded in all extract treated and positive control groups. Animals in treatment groups had leydig cell regeneration and normal sequential maturation. Sixty-seven compounds were identified in the extract with β - caryophyllene having the highest relative abundance (18.67%).
Conclusion: Ethanolic leaf extract of P. guajava has potential ameliorative effects against ethanolinduced repro-toxicity in male rats.
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