Alkaloidal Root Extract Of Nauclea Latifolia (Rubiaceae) Inhibited Induced Acute And Chronic Inflammations In Wistar Rats
Keywords:
Nauclea latifolia, inflammation, Indolealkaloids, Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)Abstract
Background: The Plethora of adverse reactions associated with the long-term use of most Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs
(NSAIDs) are not unconnected to their prostaglandin biosynthesis inhibition mechanism of action. NSAIDs of alternative
mechanism of action could therefore be better substitutes. Indole alkaloids are both biogenetically and structurally related to
serotonin, an alternative inflammation mediator, and are therefore a possible chemical repertoire explorable for the discovery of
new NSAIDs. The present research was aimed at evaluating an alkaloidal root extract of an indolealkaloid-rich plant, Nauclea
latifolia (Rubiaceae), for its potential inhibitory activities on acute and chronic inflammations, for an ultimate possible discovery of
such indole-based NSAIDs.
Methods: Alkaloidal components of a crude methanol extract of Nauclea latifolia root was obtained by acid-base treatment and
concentrated to dryness. Effects of the alkaloidal extract on acute inflammation was evaluated in vivo in a carrageenan-induced
paw edema rat model, measuring edema size at 30min intervals over a 3hr time-course, while a cotton pellet-induced granuloma
rat model was used to evaluate effects of the extract on chronic inflammation.
Results: The extract significantly reduced the induced edema to varying degrees compared to the negative control (p <0.05,
0.01, 0.001 and 0.0001) over the 3hr time-course of observation, producing a maximum % inhibition (41.97%) 3hrs after
induction. It also significantly inhibited the development of the cotton-pellet induced granuloma after seven days compared
to the negative control (p < 0.05), in the chronic inflammation experiment.
Conclusion
The results show that alkaloids of Nauclea latifolia have anti-inflammatory activities and could therefore be explored as
templates in the discovery of new anti-inflammatory agents.
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