In Vitro Antiproliferative And Antioxidant Assessment Of The Extract And Partitioned Fractions Of Leaves Of Euphorbia Graminea Jacq. (Euphorbiaceae)
Keywords:
Cytotoxicity, Growth Inhibitory, Euphorbia graminea, Antiproliferation, Antioxidant, Breast Cancer Lines (MCF-7), Lung Cancer (NCI-H460), Cancer CellsAbstract
Background: Euphorbia graminea Jacq. (Euphorbiaceae) is a medicinal plant with limited information on its biological applications and reported scientifific studies.
Method: This work was aimed at investigating the in vitro antiproliferative and antioxidant effffects of leaf the extract and fractions of E.graminea by employing the Sulforhodamine-B as well as the DPPH-RSA(2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assays respectively. The extract and fractions of E. graminea displayed growth inhibitory and cytotoxic effffects in a concentration dependent manner on the cell lines.
Results: At 250 µg/ mL, the extract recorded -3.1 and +75 % cytotoxic and growth inhibitory effects on MCF-7 and NCI-H460 cell lines. While the cytotoxic effffect became more pronounced on MCF-7 cell lines as -2.19 and -9.6 % cytotoxicities were recorded by the chloroform fraction at 75 and 100 µg/ mLthe ethyl acetate fraction recorded +58.72 and +89.33 % inhibitory effffects at similar concentrations. The hexane and ethyl acetate fractions were inactive against NCI-H460 cell lines at all concentrations. The antioxidant activities further corroborated the antiproliferative activities as IC50 of 58.88 µg/mLwas recorded by the chloroform fraction against 46.77 µg/mLby Quercetin.
Conclusion: This work has shown that the antiproliferative and antioxidant activities of E.graminea resides more in the chloroform phase and could be due to the active metabolites it contained. In continuation of this work, the Isolation and characterization of some of these metabolites will thus be carried out.
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