The Minimal Cost Implication of Establishing a Pharmacy School in Nigeria

Authors

  • Ebunoluwa S. Ojo Department of Clinical pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife. Nigeria
  • Oluwadare J. Ayodapo Department of Clinical pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife. Nigeria
  • Oyekigho E. Wilson Department of Clinical pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife. Nigeria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51412/psnnjp.2024.24

Keywords:

Cost, Education, Pharmacy, Training, Africa
         Abtract Views | PDF Download: 63 / 15

Abstract

Background: Nigeria is arguably known for its robust higher educational system. Despite the extensive educational system, the availability of recognized pharmacy schools remains limited. The slow expansion of pharmacy programs is attributed, in part, to funding challenges confronting tertiary institutions. This highlights stepwise approach of the study, which focuses on equipment and human resources as the initial critical cost factors necessary for establishing an accredited pharmacy school to meet the growing demand for qualified pharmacists in Nigeria. This study investigates the comprehensive cost analysis associated with establishing a new pharmacy school in Nigeria, focusing on procuring essential equipment and recruiting necessary human resources.

Methods: Utilizing regulatory requirements as a benchmark, the study employed online market stores to estimate equipment costs. Primary data was collected through an inquiry form to ascertain equipment prices, while secondary data from regulatory agencies and the salary and Wages Commission in Nigeria informed the cost requirements for both physical equipment and human resources (teaching and non-teaching).

Results: Findings reveal that the initial equipment investment required is approximately US$303,834. According to regulatory bodies, staffing must be according to student enrollment. Therefore, to launch the school with 25 students, a minimum of 4 lecturers, a technical and administrative personnel across five departments is required. The cost calculation is based on the basic salary structure for teaching and non-teaching staff essential for the school's inception. The projected start-up costs human resources are estimated at  $91,485 per year.

Conclusion: The total expenditure (equipment and human resources) for establishing a pharmacy school is approximated at $395,319 emphasizing the financial considerations crucial for instituting and sustaining a pharmacy education program in Nigeria. 

References

World Bank. Nigeria Overview. World Bank. (2023) Available at: https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/nigeria/overview. Accessed November 28, 2023.

Ogaji JI, Ojabo CE (2014) Pharmacy education in Nigeria: The journey so far. Archives of Pharmacy Practice 5(2):47-60. doi:10.4103/2045-080X.132644.

Islam MD. Chapter-Basics of Pharmacy. LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing; 2018.

Urick BY, Meggs EV (2019) Towards a Greater Professional Standing: Evolution of Pharmacy Practice and Education, 1920-2020. Pharmacy (Basel). 7(3):98. doi: 10.3390/pharmacy7030098. Page| 3395.

Ekpenyong A, Udoh A, Kpokiri E, Bates I (2018) An analysis of pharmacy workforce capacity in Nigeria.1–9. doi:10.1186/s40545-018-0147-9. National Universities Commission (NUC).

Nigerian Universities. (2023) Available at: https://www.nuc.edu.ng/nigerian-univerisities/. Accessed November 28, 2023.

Pharmacy Council of Nigeria (PCN). PCN Accredited Universities. (2023) Available at: https://pcn.gov.ng/pcn-accredited-universities/.Accessed September 16, 2023.

Knight J (2019) Financing access and equity in higher education. In: Financing Access and Equity in Higher Education. doi:10.1163/9789087907686.

Olweny MR (2011). Determining the Unit Cost of Higher Education: The Case of the Faculty of the Built Environment at Uganda Martyrs University.

Babalola J (1995) Educational Costs and Financial Analysis. Faculty of Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan.

Shamin R, Lynda Q (2011) Sustainable funding of higher education in challenging times. In: Justifying Investment in Quality Assurance in

Higher Education. West Indies Group of University Teachers, St. Augustine pp25-28.

Fahmi M (2007) Equity on access of low SES group in the massification of higher education in Indonesia. Working Paper in Center for Economics and Development Studies, Padjadjaran University pp6.

Ogunyinka EK (2013) Higher education funding and cost-sharing: A case study of universities in Nigeria. Academic Research International 4(5):521–535.

Amankona D, Kweitsu G, Korankye B (2018) A critical assessment of public funding of education in Ghana. British Journal of Interdisciplinary Research 8(1):19–28.

Tsinuel G, Tsedeke A, Matthias S, Fischer MR, Jacobs F, Sebsibe D, Yoseph M, Abraham H 2016) participants of the International Workshop in Bishoftu, Ethopia in November 2013.

Establishing Medical Schools in Limited Resource Settings. Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences 26(3):277-84. doi:

4314/ejhs.v26i3.10.

Voiculescu F (2009) Opportunity cost of educational human capital investment: Application for the position of beneficiary-

investor. Ann Univ Apulensis Ser Oeconomica.11(2):15. doi:10.29302/oeconomica.2009.11.2.15.

Oladejo MA, Olowo GM (2019) University education finance and cost sharing in Nigeria:Considerations for policy direction. Niger J Educ Found. 18(2):87-98.

Pasban M, Nojedeh SH (2016) A review of the role of human capital in the organization. Procedia - Social and Behavioural Sciences 230:249–253. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.09.032.

Sosabowski MH, Gard PR(2008). Pharmacy education in the United Kingdom. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education 72(6):130. doi:10.5688/aj7206130.

Abiodun-Oyebanji O (2012) Human resource situation in Nigerian universities: A case study of Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti. Journal of Educational and Developmental Psychology 2(2):152–157. doi:10.5539/jedp.v2n2p152.

Bosso JA, Chisholm-Burns M, Nappi J, Gubbins PO, Ross LA (2010) Benchmarking in academic pharmacy departments. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education 74(8):140. doi:10.5688/aj7408140.

Erhun WO, Babalola OO (2023). The response of academic pharmacists to poor salaries in Nigeria universities. Pharm Educ. Available at:

https://pharmacyeducation.fip.org/pharmacyeducation/article/view/705. Accessed November 23,2023.

Salary Expert. Lecturer average base salary. (2023) Available at: https://www.salaryexpert.com/salary/job/lecturer/united-states. Accessed December 15, 2023.

Ikhile I, Chijioke-Nwauche I (2019) Pharmacy education in Nigeria: The progression. World J Pharm Res. 2019. doi:10.20959/wjpr20167-6507. National Universities Commission (NUC) (2014)

Benchmark minimum academic standards for undergraduate programmes in Nigerian universities: Pharmaceutical sciences, 9-103.Available at: https://www.nuc.edu.ng. Accessed October 20, 2023.

Pharmacy Council of Nigeria (PCN) (2008) Benchmark minimum standards: Pharmaceutical sciences 40-56. Accessed October 20, 2023.

Downloads

Published

2024-11-04

How to Cite

Ojo, E. S., Ayodapo, O. J., & Wilson, O. E. (2024). The Minimal Cost Implication of Establishing a Pharmacy School in Nigeria. The Nigerian Journal of Pharmacy, 58(2), 261 – 267. https://doi.org/10.51412/psnnjp.2024.24