Patterns of adverse drug reactions to approved HAART regimen in an HIV out-patient Clinic in Nigeria
Keywords:
Adverse drug reactions, prevalence, HIV, AntiretroviralsAbstract
Background: Adverse drug reactions have been one of the most important limiting factors to the success of Highly Active Anti-retroviral Therapy because they are responsible for new comorbidities noticeable by the patients or their families and may result in decreased adherence to treatment which consequently might lead to virological failure and poor prognosis.
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study of adverse drug reactions in patients receiving approved HAART regimen in AIDS prevention Initiative in Nigeria Clinic, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos. The study examined all reported adverse drug reactions in patients who were receiving HAART between January 2005 and December 2013. File maker Pro JAWS® software was utilized to obtain documented ADRs.
Results: 1187 patient folders were reviewed for ADRs. A total of 595 reported ADR cases were analysed in this study. The prevalence of ADRs for the period was 14.7 %. Of the reported ADRs females (64.9%) presented with more ADRs than males (35.1%). The most reported adverse drug reactions were lipodystrophy (17.6%), neuropathy (14.6%), central nervous system effects (12.3%), anaemia (8.7%) and rash (6.7%).
Conclusion: Difffferent types of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were reported at the Aids Prevention Initiative in Nigeria Clinic (APIN) and occur at difffferent frequencies in patients receiving antiretroviral medication. These reactions were largely representative of the already documented adverse drug reactions of antiretrovirals.
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