TY - JOUR AU - Amaechina, Fabian C. AU - Omogbai, Eric K. AU - Nworgu, Zuleika A. AU - Bafor, Enitome E. AU - Ayinde, Buminiyan A. PY - 2022/10/07 Y2 - 2024/03/29 TI - Active Blood Pressure Lowering Fractions from the Aqueous Extract of the Leaves of Phyllanthus amarus Schum and Thonn (Euphorbiaceae): https://doi.org/10.51412/psnnjp.2022.23 JF - The Nigerian Journal of Pharmacy JA - PSNNJP VL - 56 IS - 2 SE - Articles DO - UR - https://psnnjp.org/index.php/home/article/view/286 SP - AB - <p><strong>Background: </strong>The blood pressure-lowering effffect of aqueous leaves extract of <em>Phyllanthus amarus&nbsp;</em>has been reported in earlier work in normotensive albino rabbits. The effffects of organic solvent&nbsp;fractions were evaluated in Wistar rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The aqueous fraction obtained from the crude extract of the leaves was evaluated for blood pressure-lowering effffect in anaesthetized normotensive Wistar rats, at the graded doses of 2.5-40&nbsp;mg/kg after which it was subjected to vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) using combinations of chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol and water. This yielded eleven fractions which were bulked into six samples (A-F) after thin layer chromatograph analysis, and samples A, B and C were evaluated for&nbsp;activities on the blood pressure of hypertensive Wistar rats at the graded doses of 5 to 20 mg/kg.&nbsp;Fraction “C” showed the highest blood pressure lowering effffect and was further subjected to column&nbsp;chromatographic and VLC analysis, to obtain fraction (BVLC2) which was evaluated for possible blood&nbsp;pressure lowering effffect in hypertensive Wistar rats.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The aqueous fraction caused a dose de pendent decrease in the blood pressure of normotensive Wistar rats, decreasing the mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) from a basal level of 104.58 ± 8.29 mmHg to 45.22 ± 6.71 mmHg (p&lt;0.0001; 66.4%) at the dose of 40 mg/kg. Fraction “C” caused signifificant decrease in the MAPfrom 116.99 ± 10.28 mmHg to 68.33 ± 6.78 mmHg (p &lt; 0.001;&nbsp;0.01%) at the dose of 20 mg/kg, while the fraction BVLC2 decreased the MAPfrom 146.11 ± 8.29 mmHg&nbsp;to 79.33 ± 6.18 mmHg (***p&lt; 0.001) at the dose of 10 mg/kg, indicating a trend of increasing potency&nbsp;along the course of purifification.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The aqueous fraction of the leaves of <em>Phyllanthus amarus </em>yielded column&nbsp;chromatographic sample (BVLC2), that might possibly serve as a lead sample from which pure active&nbsp;hypotensive constituent(s) could be isolated.&nbsp;</p> ER -